Kitab National Reserve

The region lies in the subtropical climate belt of the northern hemisphere and is characterised by high average temperatures and a sharply continental climate. A short, warm spring is succeeded by a long dry and hot period which extends for the whole summer and far into the autumn. The weather in winter time is not stable and is characterised by great fluctuations of temperature. The coldest month is January, with an average and minimal temperatures of –5 °C and –20 °C respectively. The hottest is July, the average and maximal temperatures +18 °C and +30 °C. The warm period when the temperature does not fall below zero continues for 178 days. The average annual precipitation is 603 mm, with half of it falling in spring. The snow cover forms every year, remaining from December to March and reaching in places as much as 111 cm in thickness.

The main left tributaries of the Jindydarya, the brooks of Obi-Safid (Aksu), Hoja-Kurgan, Novobak and others, flow in the territory of the reserve. All these watercourses are fed by snow, rain and ground waters. There also are a number of seasonal streams flowing only for the short period of spring rainfalls.

The wild nature in the Kitab Reserve is rich and diverse, with a number of endemic genera and species forming the unique local mountain semi-steppe. The flora of the reserve includes 798 higher plant species, with Juniperus seravschanica Kom. being the main species forming the forests of the Kitab Reserve.

The fauna of the Kitab Reserve includes 168 species of vertebrates, of which 3 are fishes, 16 reptiles, 128 birds and 21 mammals.